内容简介
The illusion that ethnography is a matter of sorting strange and irregular facts into familiar and orderly categories-this is magic, that is technology-has long since been exploded. What it is instead, however, is less clear. That it might be a kind of writing, putting things to paper, has now and then occurred to those engaged in producing it, consuming it, or both. But the examination of it as such has been impeded by several considerations, none of them very reasonable. One of these, especially weighty among the producers, has been simply that it is an unanthropological sort of thing to do. What a proper ethnographer ought properly to be doing is going out to places, coming back with information about how people live there, and making that information available to the professional community in practical form, not lounging about in libraries reflecting on literary questions. Excessive concern, which in practice usually means any concern at all, with how ethnographic texts are constructed seems like an unhealthy self-absorption-time wasting at best, hypochondriacal at worst. The advantage of shifting at least part of our attention from the fascinations of field work, which have held us so long in thrall, to those of writing is not only that this difficulty will become more clearly understood, but also that we shall learn to read with a more percipient eye. A hundred and fifteen years (if we date our profession, as conventionally, from Tylor) of asseverational prose and literary innocence is long enough.
作者简介
克利福德·格尔茨（１９２６—），美国文化人类学家、修辞家、符号人类学和释义人类学倡导者，普斯顿大学高等研究院教授。其符号人类学认为，文化是“使用各种符号来表达的一套世代相传的概念，人们凭借这些符号可以交流、延续并发展他们有关生活的知识和对待生活的态度”,因而也是可以解释的文本，而人类学家的任务就是对每一种文化的各种指导性符号进行解释以达到能被理解的目的。格尔茨的文章侧重修辞，富有特色，常以比喻例证以阐其说，很少出之以平铺直叙。作为一位雄辩的理论家，格尔茨以其《文化的解释》、《爪哇的宗教》、《地方性知识》等著述影响了人类学界内外的众多学者，被誉为二十世纪一位“具原创力和刺激力的文化人类学家，也是致力于复兴文化象征体系研究的知识运动的前沿人物”。
Works and Lives是1989年由StanfordUniversityPress出版,作者CliffordGeertz。
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