Abstracts

Regional System and Economic Development

From the Shan-Shan Guildhall to See the Activities of the Jin Merchant in Hankou in the Qing Dynasty Diao Li & Gong Yingzi & Wang Minfen

Abstract： This paper mainly introduces the Shan-shan Guildhall in Hankou in the Qing Dynasty.Due to the special commercial location of Ha-nkou，Shan-shan Guildhall embodies some regional features： by the Shanxi Draft Bank，the integration and circulation of goods and funds in Hankou was realized；by the Guildhall，Shanxi merchants in Hankou were gathered.In Shan-shan Guildhall，merchants kept order in the form of a statute，and carried out many business，ritual，drama and public activities.In Hankou，Jin merchants had a high degree of tacit understanding and strong group cohesion： in the Taiping revolutionary movement，the Guildhall was burned down.However in 1870，under the leadership of the Sha-nxi Draft Bank，Shan-shan merchants unanimously agreed to take in policies，which led to the successful completion of the new Guildhall after twenty-five years.Hankou Jin merchants were hard-working and not afraid of any difficulties.They had a spirit of unity and cooperation and advancedwave upon wave.The activities of Jin merchants in Hankou magnified and highlighted their outstanding qualities，which was also the important re-ason why Jin merchants were able to dominate the market in the Ming and Qing dynasties for hundreds of years.

Key Words： Hankou；Shanxi Merchants；Shan-shan Guildhall；Qing Dynasty

Analysis on the Cause of Urban Development and Non-development of Anhui in Qing Dynasty He Yimin & Hu Zhonghua

Abstract： In the early period of Qing Dynasty，due to the province being built，cities there enjoyed a certain degree of developments，espe-cially Anqing and some prefecture-level cities.In modern times，cities along the banks of the Yangtze River such as Wuhu also developed.Howeve-r，the urban development in Anhui lagged behind obviously and there was no influential city.Compared with other provinces in the lower reaches ofthe Yangtze River，Anhui had been an undeveloped province for a long time.There were many reasons for the insufficient development.One was the devastation caused by the war，leading to a drastic population decline and serious damage to the cities and the economy.And the lack of intera-ction also impacted on the development of the city.